Loom for weaving pile fabric



H. c'o| 1 |Ns Loom FR wEAvING PILE FABRI: -v

Filed Nov. 1s. 1925 v l ATTORNEY Patented July 6,1925. i

CHARLESH. COLLINS, or COLONIE,y :NEW YonK',

'vLooM ron WEAVING P ILE FABRIC.

Application filed November 16,'19`2Q5, Serial No. 69,226.V v 5 Y,

My invention relates toloorns for vveav` "ing .single pile fabrics, and the ob]ect ,of my invention is-to construct a loom whichv ,f will-produce, directly and. mechanically, V5 new and improved pile fabrics having the general appearancefof aichenille goods 'made in accordance with the present artufheremV certain preliminary Weavingyand some hand operations'are required: A furtherV object is to construct a loom which Will makef'posj sible the production, lat 4a rcomparativelyflow Y cost, of any ofthe fabrics disclosed in 'the joint application V4of James T. Grarvinandv ladditions ,which are to bemadeto one present type loom are-illustratedrin the accom'-v panying drawings, invvhich: I

Fig.. l is a plan View of the additions yWhichare to be; made in a presenttype four to one loom, portions of Whichmare shown.r

Fig. 2 isa side elevation of Figgl,picking-l post and pile and stufferpams omitted.

Fig.` Y cam," Y AFig. t is a plan of the Wire motion cam, and.

3 v's a plan of the' face andfstufler n .Fig..5s a plan of the binderiWork-cams,` K allfas usedon my improvedpilefabrlc loom f when arranged for Weaving a fabricwherein four picks; of the weft yarn areto he laid between changes; in the binder Warp shed.`

Fig. 6 is a sketchA illustrating onefull `Weaving'cycle, and Fig. 7 is a sketch illustrating the manner in which `the selvagev.

Warps are 'caused'to anchor'the loops formed in the weft yarn. j f f TheV same reference characters referto the of which are, in ,a sense illustrative or Vdiagrammatic.only.V j

Referring to the drawings, A2 and A3 1 indicate portions of; the side framesofja usual pile fabricloom, and Af?Vv a portionfof the usual driven crank shaft.

. C2 `is the'main camshaft in my improved loom, and on'it are secured the usualpair y of picking -post cams a cam C5 adapted to raise and lower the usual heddle frames which carryjthe pile and stuffer Warps, a.

.heddles in opposite rdirecvtions.. .j .Y

If the' loom is to be. adapted tofmakenone Y application by Garvinfand myselfA above *re* .ferred to, the binderwarp cam vunit is tov be y ,so geared vthat tfwvill make but that partl of ,a revolution -pvx'fhichivill beequal tovaspeed Y,

thev number Vof picks ,of

be; placed 'bet 'een changes inthe"` binder same parts throughout the several views, all A Y v from lsomerfmovlng part ofthe loomln a mannen-Which will cause it to make oney ffPTfENT-ro FFICE;

Wire motion carri` adaptedtofactuate the mechanismwhich withdraws ,andinserts the v Vusual-pile wires, and; a Wire-carrying-over cam.' Inthe improved loom as, illustrated,

the vmain cam shaft C? is to be driven Vfrom thecrankshaftAtinfaimanner which will j cause 1t'to make oneequarter ovfzga revolution .with eachrevolution of the-shaft, these `means beinglhere shovvnl as pini'ongfAf,

J,meshingwith and drivingthespurge'ar-C?. gJournalledonA the mainca1n shaftC `(or `any other suitable 1 point) `are., the binder y WarpV cams C?, which are,` supported byf a lsleeve ofjthefgear'(3.150 and are driven from Vthe. crank shaftv A4, in. a manner- Which VvWill .cause them to--maker one-eighth offav` revolutionwith each revolution of the crank shaft*` A?, the means hereillustrated being a pinion A, securedonthe crank shaft'andmeshing With land driving the spur gear, (11.9, ,Whihis .1 z -V u idly supported, preferablylicn the shaft '02,@ andjso secured or connectedto orgwith the Y' cams' C8, I that` said cams and spur gear., Will .rotate as a unit. .'lheoamsCSare identically shaped, butv are so` incorporated yin the unit that they, actuate thejlusual` binder Warp of the modified fabriosdisclosedfin thejoint Off-H' l i,

' one@y '2 i thataf the rank haag aah-e fatigant be one to`ten,`one to eight?? orone` to' 51X, depending fon the style: Weave ,which it is desired to produce.

i Mamma Vpal-al1@- i-@Wia.mam Cam shaft C2, is auxiliary."` cam shaft D2vdriven half "of-onerevolution `with each revolution "of `the shaft A4, the lmeans being here illustrated as a chain-drive D3, directl from Y.the*crank shaft.` On this auxiliary cam shaftD. is secured-,a pair lof selvagge i With ,one arm vof vone ofa pairof double armed levers' D6, Which Vare fulcrumed aty kl f Y one will work 180. degrees in advance of,

the position of a selvage post or heddle DE.'

Vhile I have illustrated these Vlevers as j being actuated in one direction by means of a spring D, it is obvious that by using a boxv type of cam these springs could be dispensed` with.

The selvage cams D4 and D5 are to be identically shaped, each having but one yhigh point, and the pair are to be so set upon the shaft D2 thatthe high point of or stand diametrically opposite the high point ofthe other.

The binder warp CamsCB, journalled on.

the shaft C2, are also to have but oneV high point, and to be sol mounted in constructing the iinit of which ythey form a part, that the high point of one will stand diametricallyqopposite the high point ofthe other; they being adapted to actuate or cause the movement of the he'ddleV frames in reverse directions.

As above set'forth, the binder warp cams, andthe gear C10 which is a part of that unit, makes but one revolution to each Vtwo revolutions of thezauxiliary cam shaft D2,

f and the cams thereon, each four revolutions of the'main cam shaft C2, and eachv eight revolutions of the driven crank shaft A4,

when the loom is adapted to make the preferred form of fabric illustratedy in the joint application beforereferred to. Y

To adapt the loom to make the two modilications of the fabric which are mentioned therein, it is necessary'to make the relative sizes of the gears such that` the relative speed of the binder warpfcam unit, and the main cam shaft, to that of the vdriven crank shaft will be such as to give the proper number of'v picksbetween changes in the binder Warp sheds; andto Aso Vchange vthe shape of the cams that the relative length of the high and low portions thereof are such asfwill give vthe proper dwell at the two extremes. z f

v,When the loom is arranged asl illustrated and described, eight picks of weft kyarn are placed during each full cycle of operation, the cams so set and proportioned that four of the picks are placed in the` intervals between change in they binder warp shed, or reversal ofthe relative positions ofthe binder warp heddle frames. (l/Vhen the loom is arranged to make the modified fabric illustrated in the 'before mentioned joint application, ten picks would-*necessarily be placed during a full cycle, five beingV placed in the intervalsvr between changes in the binder warp'shed; and `if arranged to make the further modification mentioned in said joint application, but six picks would be placed during a full l cycle, three being placed between changes in the binder warp shed.)

l `In the loom'here illustrated the first pick the fourth and fifth picks.

is placed with the pile and stuffer'warps down, these warps being raised between the placing of the first and second picks, and

held raised during the placing of the second and third picks,V which when beat up will. be in the lower weft plane of the fabric, as also will be the sixth and seventh picks;

the'first, fourth, fiftlnand eighth picks formthe sixth and seventh picks are placed, and

a pile wire inserted; theyr are' then lowered and the eighth pick placed, and the'binder warp shed againY reversed -andr the cycleL of operation is completed.

j The selvage heddle cams are'so when the weft yarn reverses direction the loop formed therein will lie` across, or be around the selvage warp on the edge of the fabric where the loop is formed, and the placed pick of v'weft yarn is thereby prevented from being drawnl back into the shed when the reverserpick is made. For

l set that Y safety the selvage warp may be a., plural Y number of yarns manipulatedv as one.

Because of the comparative easek with which the selvage warps may be crossed in v the manner illustrated, I prefer to'change their relative positions after each pick is laid, whether Vit -be laid inthe upper or klower weft plane, thereby anchoring each loop formed in the weft yarn at the edge f ofthe fabric where formed. It is of course warps is not necessary at the points where the knormal crossing of other warps would act as an anchor for the loops in the weft yarn. It is, however, necessary thatthe Vobvious that the crossing 'of the selvage loops between successive picks of weft'yarn Y laid in the same shed and in thelowerweft plane must be anchored, ja selvage warp inL order to insure its not being dra-wn back into the shed, and beyond the edge of the fabric when the succeeding pick isV made.

In my improved loom the pile wires are inserted during the time the pile and stuii'er warp heddle Yframes are in the raised posi-A tion, and as but one wire is Vwithdrawn and f inserted during each half cycle, or during each four revolutions of the crank shaft, it is obvious that a quick insertion and a slow withdrawal of the pile wire is entirely feasible. This makes available substantially, three quarters of the vcam circumference which may be used to cause the withdrawal of the pile wire, thus making available Y" ample power which may be utilized to handle an eXtra high pile wire, as the withdrawal fcauseithem'to becomeoverheated to" 'theie`x tent which 'they'v would be v were it v necessary to 'withdraw them at the samel speed 'at lwhich Vthey are inserted.;r` [Y Y I claim: f

A' 1. 'In' a single pile "niultiplane Ifabric loom,

in combination with the i'isualfdriven ,crank shaft: a main camshaft having-'secured vthereon al pair of'pickerlcains, a'wir'elcarrying-over cam, a wire motion cam adapted to withdrawa wire at a comparatively low speed andinsert it at aA comparatively highy speed,;during each revolutionof the main cam shaft, and a pile and stuercam having but one high 'point and adapted to cause the pile and stuffer warps to be raised immedispeed ofd .d y

i y one Y number of picks of weft yarn-placed inthe binder warp shed between changes, therein f 1 that of said driven crank shaft; a rotatableV binder-warp-cam unit journalled on said Y main camshaft and adapted toY change the, 1 binder warp shed `twice during'each revolution of said unit; means fo'rcausing rotation of said unit at one-half the speed of said maincam shaft; an auxiliary cam shaft,

' withva pair of selvageheddle cams thereon adapted to actuate selvage heddles whereby one or the" other of the selvage warps coni '.trolled thereby lwill be caused to'lie inside,

of the loops formed inv the 'weft yarn due to reversal in thel direction thereof,`and pre- Qvent said loops being drawn inward `beyond ythe edge of the fabric; and means for caus- Aing rotation of said auxiliary cam shaft. l 2. In agsingle pile vmultiplane fabric loom, in combinationwith the usual vdriven Q crank shaft: a main camk shafthaving secured thereon alp-air of picker cams, a wire-- f vcarrying-over cam, a wire motion cam,and

p before the last of Va series of picks of weftV a pile and stuffer cani having but one -high point and adapted to causev the fpilev and j st ufer warps to be raised immediately aftery the first, andl heldraised until immediately yarn is placed` in the binder warp shed be- Y Y rotation of 'said'cani shaftat-aspeed offv V*one i Y number of picksof weft yarnA placed in the binder warp shed-.between changesA therein that of said driven crank shaft; av rotatable- ,binder warp shed vtwiceduringjeach revolul` number ofpicks of Vbinder warp shed between changes therein adapted; toV actuate a' selva'ge heddle whereby aselvage -warp controlled thereby will be caused ,to lie inside of the loopsformed lin vthe weftyarn vdueto tlie'reversalninthe direction' thereof; and prevent "saidloops'be- Y viii'gv` drawn inward beyond"the edge vof the fabric; and lmeans for causing rotation of said'auxiliary"ca-m-shaft;` 1 v `tion' o flsaid unit'means' for causingiota-vv tion ofsaidfjunitfatonehalf v-the speed of, f said fmaii'iI cami shaft;` anf auxiliary cam'Y shaft," with afselvage' heddle cam ,thereon d n 3. Ina singlepile multiplane fabric loom, j in combination with the usual driven crank shafta maincam shaft 'having secured` thereon the. picker and, wire carrying overVV cams, and a'pilefand stuercam havingbut one high point vand adapted to cause the` ik pile and-stuffer warps to be raised immediately after thel first of a series of` picks o-f weft yarn, and held raised until immediately ybefore the last of the seriesof picks of weft vyarn is placed inthe binder warp shed be- I tween changes therein; means for actuating vthe Wire motion mechanism; means for causv y ing rotation of Ysaid cam shaft at a speed* that of 'said driven crank shaft; la rotatable f 'i binder-warp-cam unit adapted to change the binderV warp shedtwice during eachrevolution of said unit; means for causing rota@ tionV of said unitat one half the speed of A said main cam shaft; and means Vwhereby a so prevent loops formed l`in fthe V,weft 'yarn by the reversal in the direction thereof, from 4c. In al singlei'pile multiplane fabric, loom,

jin combination with the usualcrank shaft, 1 picker mechanism, and wire-carrying-overf and wire motionl mechanisms means for actuating said mechanisms once during each revolution ofv the main cam shaft; a main selvage warp'is caused 'to lielinside of, and

plurality vofconsecutive picks of weftl yarn arefplac'ed in the same shed.V and in'theflower vweft plane; Ameansfor causing rotation of said main caniV shaft ata speed lequal toy tween'rrclianges therein; means Afon'causing'` 4 l one. i

binder warp shed between changes therein Ithatof the` crankshaft; a rotatable binderl warp-'cam lunit adapted to causev the binder warpV shedt'o be changed twieeduring each -revolutioniiof said unit; means for, 'causing Y, rotationof said unit at one-halfthe speed Y `of said main cam shaft and camsadaptedto ico being drawn inward beyond the edge of the L fabric.`

iis

.aetuate selyage heddles whereby one or the other of a pair of selvage Warps is Caused to lie inside of loopsl formed in the weft yarn by reason of the reversal in the diroction of said yarn, thereby preventing said loops being drawn inward beyond the edge ofthe fabric,

,Y 5. The method of making a single pile rmultiplane fabric comprising pile, stufer,

and binder Warps, and selvage threads, and yconsisting of forming a multiplane shed or' the Warps, inserting a weft ,shot or shots in CHARLES H. comme, 

